俄罗斯转轨时期移民问题研究

移民问题是俄罗斯一个较为敏感的问题。从20世纪80年代后半期开始,苏联国内向国外移民的倾向日益增强。俄罗斯大多数移民外流的目的都是为了改善物质生活条件。苏联的解体和俄罗斯选择新自由主义经济发展模式使其快速与国际劳动力市场接轨,俄罗斯成为世界上一个主要的劳动力资源进口国。对于移民迁入国来说,移民的增加具有正反两方面的作用。对于俄罗斯来说,其正面影响是外来移民的迁入在很大程度上解决了某些经济部门和某些地区的劳动力短缺问题,但与此同时,外来移民的流入也引起许多社会问题的出现。

Study on the Immigrant Problem of Russia in Transition Period

The immigrant is becoming one of sensitive problems in Russia.Since late 1980s,the tendency of immigration outflow in Russia is increasing with the expectation to improve the living standard.In the meantime,the disintegration of former USSR and the free market developing pattern in economy speed up the integration of domestic labor market and the world labor market.Therefore,Russia has been becoming the main nation of labor import globally.On the one hand,the inflow of immigrant bridges the gap of labor force in Russia as a whole.On the other hand,it will cause so many social issues in Russia.