20世纪文学日常生活话语中的性别政治

从性别的视角来审视20世纪中国文学对日常生活的表述(即日常生活话语),不难看出这一话语实际上隐含了深重的性别政治。20世纪文学的日常生活话语预设了日常生活与非日常生活的二元对立及其之间的权力等级。而将这种等级关系与性别阶序挂钩,似乎成了一个普泛性的话语策略——即在对日常生活的超越与滞守的二元对立中,超越的向度始终被指派给了男人,而女人天生就是日常生活的滞守者,甚至本身就是日常生活的一部分,即便20世纪50—70年代文学对女英雄的修辞也只是从一个相反的方向来贯彻这一话语策略。这一话语策略不仅参与了现代性意义的构建,甚至还参与了对现代性的反思。由此足见现代知识谱系中无所不在的性别政治。

Sexual Politics in the Discourse about Daily Life in the 20~(th) Century Chinese Literature

This dissertation mainly discusses the discourse about daily life in the 20th century literature from the angle of gender. This discourse actually hided serious sexual politics. The 20th century literature, as a matter of fact, prescribed the dualistic opposition and power order between daily life and not daily life. This power order always was linked to the gender order, which became a universal discourse strategy. Namely, in the dualistic opposition between daily life and not daily life, the former belonged to woman while the later belonged to man. To say further, woman were regarded as a natural part of daily life. Even the rhetoric on heroine of the literature in the 1950's-1970's, only carried out the discourse strategy in the opposite direction. This discourse strategy not only participated the construction of modernity meaning, but also participated the self-reflection of modernity. From the above we can see that sexual politics is ubiquitous in the system of modern knowledge.