提倡一点实证主义

中国社会科学界近年来的发展,存在两大不足之处:一是在引进外国学者的理论时缺乏批判性;二是在对中国社会发展的调查研究中,尚有很多学者缺乏严谨的科学态度。这两方面的不足都影响了中国社会科学的发展和社会科学理论的建设。由于中国的历史社会状况、文化传统和政治体制与其它国家有很大的差别,致使中国的发展具有了很多特殊性。这些特殊性使产生于西方社会的很多社会理论,甚至一些基本的概念、理论模式和逻辑关系都不适用于中国社会。要发展出一套产生于中国社会,出自于中国学者之手的理论体系。目前,很有必要再提倡一点实证主义的研究方法。这里所提倡的实证主义主要适用于社会科学的范围,例如社会学、经济学、教育学、心理学和人口学等学科,但不大适用于艺术、哲学、语言学、历史和文学等人文学科。

Positivism Should Be Adopted in the Study of Social Sciences in China

The recent study of social sciences in China has two obvious weaknesses,that is,there is not adequate criticism of the introduced foreign theories and many Chinese scholars lack a serious scientific attitude towards the study and investigation of the social development of China,which have exerted a negative influence on the development of social sciences in China and its theoretical construction.Owing to China's history,culture,society and political system,its development has its own traits.These traits make many Western theories,even some basic concepts and logical relations,unsuitable to China.There should be a theoretic system born in China from Chinese scholars.Thus,some positivistic approaches should be adopted in the study of social sciences in China which can be applied to sociology,economics,educational studies,psychology and demographics rather than art,philosophy,linguistics,history and literature.