从《诗经》饮酒诗看周代的酒礼及酒德

周代是我国造酒生产发展的重要时期,酒在人们的政治生活和宗教活动中的作用十分重要。《诗经》中有许多作品表现了周代的酿酒、饮酒等活动,这些诗篇的主旨反映出隆礼、重德的文化精神。其中"祭祀诗"反映出酒与周人宗教生活的关系,酒是沟通天人关系的重要媒体;"宴飨诗"直接描写王室贵族的饮宴活动,体现宗族团结、敦结亲情的礼义之道;"农事诗"表现周代春祈秋报的祭祀礼仪,以及酒的生产和使用情况;"谏酒诗"是对饮酒活动的规谏,体现周代酒德观念对生活和行事的约束作用。

Drinking Etiquette and Drinking Manner of the Zhou Dynasty from Drinking Poetry of The Book of Songs

the Zhou dynasty was an important period of liquor production development in China,the role of wine in the people’s political life and religious activities is very important.The Book of Songs has many works of Zhou dynasty wine,alcohol and other activities,purpose of these poems reflect the cultural spirit of moral value.The “ritual poem”reflects the relationship between wine and religious life of Zhou dynasty,the wine is an important communication media between man and nature.“Banquets directly depict the royal families of drinking poetry”,embodies clan unity and affection.“The ritual performance of Zhou dynasty imperative autumn spring agricultural production of poetry”,and wine production and use of“exhortation poetry”is for drinking activities against,embody restraint Zhou dynasty morality idea to live and act.