论遗山词的词史地位及其独特性

在金词融会北宋词风的过程中,遗山以其在文坛上的领袖地位起着十分重要的作用;金词和北宋词的交融是中原地区汉民族的农业文化和北方少数民族的草原文化的交融,遗山以其极高的词创作成就而成为这两种文化交叉点上的佼佼者。遗山推崇苏、辛,词风豪放,对元词的发展走向很有影响。在沟通宋、金词以及在金、元词的延续上,遗山词有着相当重要的作用。遗山还是在具体词学理论指导下进行词创作的金代最重要的词人,其词体制完备;词中尊杜,极善融化唐诗;其词又有明显的“史”意识影响的痕迹;金、元之际文人歌酒狎妓之风在其词中时有反映;清代词论对其词毁誉不一。凡此种种,都体现了遗山词的独特性。

The Status of Yuan Haowen's Ci in Literary History and its Unique Characteristics

As a leader in the literary world at that time,Yuan Haowen played a very important role during the course of the fusing of the two styles of Jin and Northern Song Dynasties.The blending of the two styles is the blending of the farming culture of the Han ethnic group in Central Plains and the grasslands culture of the minorities in the north.Yuan stood out at the intersection of these two cultures because of his achievement in literary creation. As a follower of Su Shi and Xin Qiji whose Ci were powerful and free in style,he exercised great influence on the development of Ci in Yuan Dynasty.His Ci creation played an important part in the communication between Song Ci and Jin Ci as well as in the inheritance between Jin Ci and Yuan Ci.Yuan was also the most prolific Jin writer under the guidance of concrete Ci theory and excelled in all different form of Ci.In his creation,he had high regards for the famous Tang poet Du Fu and was very good at borrowing from Tang poetry.The influence of history on his creation was obvious and the then scholars' debauchery time and again went into his composition.As a result,critics in Qing Dynasty disagreed on his literary achievement.Yet from all these,the unique characteristics of Yuan's Ci scintillate.