论公务行为不营利原则的确立——从美国政党分赃制谈起

文官制度是美国行政组织法中的重要制度，它是在政党分赃制改革的基础上形成和发展起来的。政党分赃制的特征是政党候选人把政府官职作为报偿分配给帮助其在选举中获胜的人，而获得政府官职的政府官员就会利用手中的职权，以行使公务为名为自己谋取私利，这违背了公务行为不营利原则。

On establish of public affairs no-profit principle - viewing from American spoils system

Civil service system is the important system of administrative organization law of American; it formed and developed on the basis of the reform of spoils system. The characteristics of spoils system is that government＇s official positions are assigned to the people who help party candidates win election as a reward given by the party candidates, and the government officials will use their authority to strive for their private interests with the name of public affairs, this violates the public affairs no-profit principle.