习性与资本:略论布迪厄的主要概念工具(上)

习性与资本是布迪厄的两个主要概念工具。习性作为一整套性情系统 ,既具有稳定性 ,又会发生变化 ;作为主观性社会结构 ,既是外部条件的内在化 ,又是驱动个体行动的建构性结构 ,它往往是在无意识层面上对我们进行引导的。至于资本 ,布迪厄认为存在着以经济资本、社会资本和文化资本为代表的多种形式的资本 ,其中经济资本具有决定性的力量。这些资本从来是具体的、特殊的 ,它们与权力相关 ,而各种资本之间存在着相互转换的可能性。

Habit and capital:Bourdieu's main conceptional tools

This paper makes an analysis of habit and capital the two main conceptional tools proposed by Bourdieu.Habit as a disposition system is both stable and changeable;as the subjective social structure,it reflects external conditions and also drives individual action.As for capital,Bourdieu holds that there are various sorts of capital such as economic capital,social capital and cultural capital,among which the economic capital is the most decisive.These capital are related with authority and can be transformed into one another.A challenge on the effectiveness of the two conceptions will help us to acquire some discourse resources for a better understanding of Bourdieu's sociological theories.