生态伦理视阈下习近平生态文明建设思想论析

当代中国,在决胜全面建成小康社会和实现国家现代化的进程中,人民群众在享受改革开放和现代化建设丰硕成果的同时,正遭受到环境恶化和生态危机的严峻挑战。当前保护自然环境和保持生态平衡,既是人类面临的重要伦理道德问题,也是我国必须正视的重大现实课题,必须坚持马克思主义生态观,积极吸收中国传统生态伦理思想,推进生态文明建设。中国传统文化中蕴含着天人合一的生态和谐理念、珍爱生命的生态人文精神、物人平等的生态伦理思想和可持续发展的生态价值取向等深刻的生态伦理思想,为当代中国生态文明建设提供了重要借鉴。马克思主义生态观中关于人类来自于自然又依存于自然、人与自然具有相互影响与和谐统一关系的思想,强调自然界是人类生存和发展的基础、为人类社会延续提供了重要物质保障的论述,关于人既属于自然界又是自然界长期演进的产物、人类必须尊重自然、绝不能凌驾于自然界之上的观点,已成为中国特色社会主义生态文明建设的根本指导。当代中国在以习近平同志为核心的党中央带领下,积极顺应当今世界发展潮流,以马克思主义生态观为指引,吸收借鉴我国传统生态伦理思想的积极成分,在新时代的历史境遇中采取切实可行的科学路径,持续推进生态文明建设。一是树立生态文明理念、完善生态环境立法,为生态文明建设提供根本保障;二是倡导生态环境民主、提高民众参与意识,形成生态文明建设的巨大合力;三是提升政府生态服务能力、推动生态文明制度建设,为生态文明建设提供制度基础;四是优化国土资源开发、有效利用自然资源,为生态文明建设奠定基本前提;五是加强国际交流合作、积极借鉴学习,为共建人类生态命运共同体创造重要条件,真正走出一条独具特色的生态文明建设之路。

On Xi Jinping’s Thoughts of Ecological Civilization Construction from Perspective of Ecological Ethics

In contemporary China,in the process of building a well?off society in an all?round way and realizing the modernization of the country,people are faced with the severe challenges of environmental degradation and ecological crisis while enjoying the fruitful results of reform,opening up,and modernization.At present,protecting the natural environment and maintaining ecological balance are not only important ethical and moral issues human face,but also major practical issues that China must address.We must take the Marxist ecological conception as a guide,absorb factors in Chinese traditional ecological ethics,and promote the construction of ecological civilization.The traditional Chinese culture contains profound ecological ethics such as the idea of harmony between man and nature,the ecological humanistic spirit of cherishing life,the ecological ethics of equality of all human beings and the ecological value orientation of sustainable development,etc.,providing references for Chinese ecological civilization construction.The Marxist ecological views as follows serve as the fundamental guidence for the ecological civilization construction with Chinese characteristics:human beings come from nature and depend on nature;human and nature have mutual influences and harmonious and unified relationship;nature is the basis of human survival and development,providing important material guarantees for the continuation of human society;humans,belonging to nature,are the result of the long?term evolution of nature;humans must revere nature and must not override nature.Under the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Xi Jinping as the core,guided by the Marxist ecological conception,contemporary China has followed the development trend of the world today,absorbed the positive elements of China's traditional ecological ethics,adopted feasible and scientific measures in the historical context of the new era,promoting the construction of ecological civilization.First,establish the conception of ecological civilization and improve the legislation about the ecological environment to provide a fundamental guarantee for ecological civilization construction.Second,advocate the democracy of ecological environment and improve public awareness of participation to form a huge joint force for the construction of ecological civilization.Third,enhance the government’s ecological service capabilities and promote the system establishment of ecological civilization construction to provide an institutional basis.Fourth,optimize the development of national land resources to maintain the effective use of natural resources,laying the basic premise for the construction of ecological civilization.Fifth,strengthen international exchanges and cooperation,learn from the experiences of other countries,create the conditions for the building of a community of human with shared ecological future and embark on a unique road to ecological civilization construction.