重议孙中山民权观

孙中山民权观就其内涵来说,主要有三:“民权”即“民主”,“民权”与民本、重民思想相通,“民权”就是“人民作主”。就其特征而言,主要有六:附会的倾向,狭隘的大汉民族主义倾向,渲染“民一官”或“主人一公仆”的对立,彰显主人意识、皇帝思想,直接民主倾向,潜在的“子民”思想倾向与集体主义的倾向。由此可以说,其民权观系统化、理论化程度不高。之所以如此,必须同情了解孙中山的真实处境。此外,也要充分估计其合理的价值,尤其是它留给后世以无限思考空间的三大课题:如何整合“武器的批判”与“批判的武器”之间的关系?如何解决“以党建国”与“以党治国”之关系?如何解决大众政治参与和政治制度建设的关系? 

Rediscuss of Sun Yat-Sen's Civil Rights View

Sun Yat-Sen's civil rights view has three connotations: "The civil rights" is "the democracy", "the civil rights" is connected with the thought of taking people as basis and valuing people;"the civilrights" is taking people as masters. It has six characteristics; Speaking of its characteristics, mainly has six: farfetched tendency, the narrow Han nationalism tendency, exaggerating the opposition of"the people-official" or of "the master - public servant", even more demonstrating the master consciousness, the emperor thought, and the direct democracy tendency, latent "subjects" thought tendency and collectivism tendency. From this we may say that, the extent of systematization and theorization of its civil rights view are not high. Therefore, we must sympathize and understand Sun Yat-Sen's real situation. In addition, we must also fully estimate its reasonable value, especially the three big topics he left to the later generation: How to conform the relation between "weapon critique" and "critique weapon"? How to solve the relation between "the party ruling a nation" and" the party founding of the nation"? How to solve the relation between the participation of populace politics and the construction of political system?