从民族音乐学的角度看广东梅州客家《香花》仪式中音乐的运用

广东梅州是客家人的主要居住地,《香花》仪式为广东省梅州一带(梅县为中心,向外辐射到粤东、闽西南、赣南等)客家人广泛使用和认同,且相沿成习的、以本地和尚和斋嫲为仪式的执行者,通过定期与不定期地在庵堂寺庙以及在主家等不同的仪式执行场所,为各种不同需求的人士所举行各种祈福仪式以及为死者所进行的超度仪式活动等。其主要形式以写、打、唱、念、声、色、艺等方式,综合性地宣讲(唱、念)客家特有的佛教精神、儒家思想内涵,并融合道教神祇以及民间礼俗于一体的综合信仰形式。通过实际田野考察,从民族音乐学的角度,以《香花》仪式的声音、音乐和文化的关系作为切入点,研究《香花》仪式中思想(信仰)、行为(仪式)、声音(音乐)三者间的互动关系,探讨《香花》仪式音乐在仪式中的运用问题,具有较高的研究价值。

Use of Music in "Xiang Hua" Rituals of Hakka in Mei City Guangdong Analyzed from the Perspective of Ethnomusicology

Meizhou in Guangdong province is inhabited mainly by the Ke minority."Xiang Hua",as a traditional ritual,is recognized and practiced by the Ke people widely.It has become a custom for the monks in local temples to organize some rituals of various kinds for various purposes either at home or temples.The major forms are "writing,meditation,singing,reading,dancing" etc.,which combine the Buddhist spirits,concepts and folk customs.This paper,by looking at the relations between the sounds,music and culture in "Xiang Hua" rituals,analyzed the interactions of beliefs,rituals,and music in the process of those rituals from the perspective of the folk music,based on surveys and observations.Particularly,this paper examined the application of music in "Xiang Hua" rituals,this is believed to carry significant research values for further study.