论污染控制政策的导向和手段

环境污染是经济增长过程中的“负产品”。过去我国控制污染的主要手段是技术、管制和宣传。但是,环境污染是竞争市场所造成的外部性引起的,解决问题的思路当然不能离开市场。当前,在我国市场化改革逐步深入的条件下,更多地利用价格机制,采取一些市场经济手段来控制污染行为和减少污染损害,是实现经济与环境和谐目标的重要政策选择。

On Orientation and Instruments of Pollution Control Policies

Pollution is considered as a form of negative externality in economic growth.In China,technology,command and control,or propaganda among the masses, have been used for controlling pollution.However,pollutions have mainly resulted from a competitive market,so the first alternative to the relevant policies should be market mechanisms such as bargains, environmental taxes,tradable permits, etc.Those instruments are in line with the undergoing market-oriented reforms and have got more advantages over other instruments.