人牲与血祭——宝鸡血社火的地缘历史文化追溯

以宝鸡赤沙为代表的陕西血社火首先是一种祭祀,相信神灵的存在并向其献祭,是其基本的文化内涵。在这一前提下,血社火中所扮演的人物身份和角色以及故事情节倒是次要的,重要的是其刀劈斧砍、剑刺凳扎及铡刀铡额、利剑穿腹的瞬间残酷的杀人场面。血社火的这一共同而基本的特征蕴含了从原始社会流传下来的古代祭祀的两个重要而独特的因素——人牲和血祭。所有的血故事,无论情节多么曲折,人物形象多么丰满而逼真,或善或恶,都投射了古代以亲子为牲,以族人为牲,以仇人为牲,以俘虏为牲的影子。鲜红的血迹凝结为人们关于几千年来神秘而恐怖的祭祀文化集体无意识的象征符号。这种关于殷周祭祀文化的集体无意识以生命传承的方式依然存留在现代陕西的民间社会,它是生长血社火这一独特民间文化奇葩的根。

Human Sacrifice and Blood Sacrifice——the Blood Community Fire Baoji Heo-historical Retrospective

Shanxi blood shehuo represented by red sand of Baoji above all is a kind of ritual.Believing the existence of the God and sacrifice for her,is the basic cultural connotations.In this context,the role,the characters,and the story of the blood shehuo is secondary,the important thing is the Instant brutal murder scene.This common and basic characteristic of Blood shehuo contains two important and unique factors of ancient ritual handed down from the primitive society——Human victim and blood sacrifice.All of the blood story,no matter how much plot twists and turns,how full and realistic characters,good or evil,are projected to the shadow of ancient victim by family,by tribe,by enemies,and by prisoners.Bright red blood condensed the symbol of the collective unconscious of thousands of years for people on the mysterious and terrifying ritual culture.The collective unconscious on ritual culture of the Yin and the Zhou Dynasty still remain in the modern Shaanxi,civil by the way of heritage life,which is the root from that Blood shehuo,the agency wonderful folk culture was growing up.