谈当前文学批评的规范与标准

当前文学批评的混乱、“失语”或“缺席”状态,是由于文学批评的独立品格的失落。文学批评的独立品格包括两个方面,即批评家的独立品格和文艺批评自身的独立品格。批评家的独立品格一是指批评家的高尚的独立的人格;二是指批评家要遵循文艺自身的特点和规律进行批评。就文学批评自身的独立品格来说,作家、批评家与读者之间根本没有高下优劣的等级之分,更没有主从或隶属之别,他们之间是平行、平等、互补互动的。创作是以现实生活为素材,批评是以作家作品为素材,二者同为精神劳动。作家和批评家的工作有联系但又是分别独立的,是具有不同的性质的,即具有“诗”和“思”的不同,创作是“诗”,而批评却是科学的“思”。

On the Indeoendent Quality and Style of Literarv Criticism

The present literary criticism is in a state of chaos, voicelessness and absence. That is due to the loss of independent quality and style of literary criticism. The independent quality and style of criticism includes 2 aspects: the independent quality of a critic and the independent style of literary criticism itself. The quality of a critic, on the one hand,refers to his noble and independent personality,and on the other hand,it means that the critic must abide by the natural characteristics and laws of art. When it concerns the independent style of literary criticism itself, there is no difference of superior and inferior between writers, critics and readers, let alone the difference of principal and subordinate. Moreover, they are parallel, equal,mutual-complementing and mutual-promoting. Writing is based on reality and criticism on the works. They are all mental labor. The Labor of writers and that of critics are related to each other and also independent. They have different essences, which are a kind of difference between "poems" and "thoughts". Writing is poetic but criticism is scientific thinking.