中西政治差异的文化渊源与影响

中国传统政治是以圣人为核心的圣人政治,西方传统政治是基于社会契约的契约政治。在中国传统文化中,圣人是理想和价值的体现,因此形成了“圣人为王”的政治传统,这个传统逻辑地预设了圣人的万能和常人的无能,常人需要圣人的指导,按照圣人的意图来生活,常人没有自己的权利,需要“圣人”为民做主,因此它无法形成民主思想。与儒家的圣人政治形成对比的是西方的契约政治,它基于西方的基督教文化,形成了一种平等与民主的政治传统。这是中国社会政治的追求方向。

The Cultural Causes and Influence of the Difference Between Chinese and Western Politics

Chinese traditional politics was sage politics, and western traditiona l politics was contracts politics. Based on ancient Chinese culture, the sage wa s a sign of value and ideal, only who could become the king. This tradition logi cally presupposed that the sage was omnipotent and ordinary people were incompet ent, and they needed the guide from sages and lived under sages' instructions. O rdinary people had not their own rights, which could not result in democracy. In contrast with this, the western contracts politics was based on the Christian r eligion and formed into equal and democracy politics. This is the direction of m odern Chinese politics.