中国古代的社、结社与文人结社

目前学界关于中国古代文人结社的研究主要是实证性的和文化学的,学理性研究尚未引起足够重视。结社的学理性研究是对结社的本体进行研究,诸如什么是结社,结社与群体、集团、政党等概念的区别与联系是什么,结社的形态和类型有哪些,中国古代的结社是由哪些要素构成的,什么样的结社可以称为文人结社等等。对这些根本性问题的解答是研究工作取得更大成效的前提和基础,在某种意义上它比上述两类研究更为重要。

The Ancient Society,Association and Literati Association in China

At present the studies on Chinese ancient literati associations are mainly textual and cultural,yet theoretical study is in want of sufficient attention.The theoretical study is on the noumenon of associations,which researches into the following questions such as ’what are the associations’,’in what way do they differ from or link with such concepts as the mass group,alliance or party’,’what forms and types are the associations’,’what elements were Chinese ancient associations composed of’,’what associations are called literati associations’,etc.The answers to these fundamental problems can provide the premise and basis for further research,so it is more important than the other two forms of studies.