虚拟财产保护路径之探析——基于对已公布案件的实证研究

对已公布的350个案件的研究显示:虚拟财产认定标准不明确;类型划分不清晰;价值评估方法选择机制不合理;格式条款对网络用户权利的限制过多;案件审理过程中缺乏专业技术人士的配合;对重点罪名研究不足;配套法规不完善,给保护工作带来了实际困难.其背后既有技术层面的原因,也与司法结构层面未予重视和配套措施不到位等相关.对虚拟财产的保护要调整思路,以价值和价值实现方式的抽象性作为认定虚拟财产的重要标准;区分网络和非网络虚拟财产;强化对部分案件的双向教导功能;构建价值评估方法的合理选择机制;减少格式条款对网络用户权利的限制;引进有专门知识的人士参与审判委员会对案件的讨论;加强对重点罪名的预防和研究;尽快出台与《中华人民共和国民法典》第127条配套的司法解释.

On the Path of Virtual Property Protection: Based on the Empirical Study of Published Cases

The research on 350 published cases shows that the identification standard and type of virtual property are not clear; there is a big regional gap in the quality of judges; the evaluation mechanism of virtual property is unreasonable; there are too many restrictions on the rights of network users; the cooperation of professional and technical personnel is lacking in the trial process; the research on key crimes is insufficient; the supporting laws and regulations are not enough. The imperfection has brought practical difficulties to the protection work. There are not only technical reasons behind it, but also the lack of attention to the judicial structure and the lack of supporting measures. In order to protect the virtual property, we should adjust the way of thinking, take the abstraction of value and the way of value realization as the important standard to identify the virtual property, distinguish the network and non-network virtual property, strengthen the two-way teaching function of some cases, construct the reasonable selection mechanism of evaluation methods, and reduce the restrictions of standard terms on the rights of network users. It is suggested that people with special knowledge should participate in the discussion of cases by the judicial committee, strengthen the prevention and research of key crimes, and formulate special laws and regulations corresponding to Article 127 of the civil code as soon as possible.