在反思与批判中彰显史学理性之光——小阿瑟·施莱辛格史学观述评

美国当代著名史学家小阿瑟·施莱辛格对政治的积极参与常使他遭学界指责,认为他有将史学研究政治化、简单化的倾向.本文通过追溯其学术取向的形成过程及对其史学思想的解剖指出,施莱辛格深知参与政治实践可能影响学术研究立场,并在长期的学术生涯中不断自觉地加以反思,形成了强调历史的学术功能,追求客观主义理想的史学观,对历史与政治的关系亦有独到见解.这使他较好地处理了治学与从政的关系.

The Light of Historical Reason in Retrospection and Critique:A Review of Arthur Schlesinger, Jr.'s Historiographical Thoughts

The celebrated American historian Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. has often been criticized for politicizing and simplifying history because of his positive political activities. By tracing back the forming of his academic orientation and analyzing his historiographical thoughts, this paper points out that Schlesinger fully realized that political action may influence the objectivity in academic research and consciously introspected on this during his long academic career. He emphasized the academic function of history and pursued the objectivity in historical research. His special understanding of the relations between history and politics also enabled him to handle the relation between academic research and political action better.