苏俄与20年代国民党的派别分化

自从寻求北京政府外交承认受挫而将注意力转向南方,苏俄便开始关注和引导国民党内的派别分化,以支持国民党抗衡北京政府,完成其在华战略布局。其具体做法是提出对国民党内派别的政治划分,并加强其左转倾向。作为国民党领袖,孙中山认同英美式制度,但出于寻求俄援的现实需要,又在多种场合发表过亲俄言论。在内部关系上,孙中山尽力维持了国民党内的力量平衡。孙中山去世之后,国民党急剧“左”转,这本是苏俄所期望的,但“右派”也因孙去世而无所顾忌,国民党终至走向不利于“左派”的分裂。

Soviet Russia and the Factional Split-up in the KMT

Frustrated by its efforts to acquire diplomatic recognition from the Beijing government, Soviet Russia began to shift its diplomatic attention towards the south, trying to disintegrate the Kuo-mintang(KMT)in order to back up its left side in the rivalry with the Beijing government and to give a final touch to the Russian strategic maneuver in China. The concrete measures taken by Russia were to partition the KMT into different political sects and to promote their left tendency. Dr. Sun Yat-sen, i-dentified with the American and British social systems though, delivered pro-Russian speeches on various occasions for the purpose of acquiring its aids. He handled the internal relations by the way of compromise so that the power balance in his party could be maintained. Upon his death, the KMT turned left abruptly to the expectation of Russia, but the Right also ran riot unscrupulously. Finally the KMT became split up; as a consequence, the situation loomed no more favorable for the Left.