论欧美学生的汉字认知与汉字应用

拼音文字与汉字之间的差异导致了欧美学生在汉字形音义的认知,从字义过渡到语境中的词义、句义,汉字书写、词汇容量大等汉语读写问题,导致了欧美学生汉语学习的瓶颈。要解决这些问题,对外汉语教学中的汉字教学应将汉字形音义的认知与汉字应用结合起来,即阐释识字与阅读、写字与写作、汉字引申义与汉字文化等在汉字教学中的内在联系,并以此确立汉字教学观念,将汉字知识教学延伸到汉字应用的层面上来,以提高欧美学生汉字应用和汉语读写能力,最终实现用汉字读写的根本目的。

On Chinese Character Cognition and Application of European and American Chinese Learners and Chinese Character Teaching

The differences between the alphabetic letters and Chinese characters have caused many problems for the European and American Chinese learners and form the bottle neck in their Chinese reading and writing.The problems involve recognizing forms of Chinese characters,memorizing pronunciations and meanings,extending meanings of Chinese characters to words and sentences in contexts,and character writing,etc.In order to solve such problems,Chinese character teaching should combine Chinese character recognition with application to reach the level of reading and writing.From the cognitive ways of Chinese character recognition of European and American Chinese learners,this paper expounds the interrelationships among Chinese character recognition and reading,Chinese character writing and writing,and extended meanings and Chinese character culture,on the basis of which the idea that Chinese character teaching should extend Chinese character knowledge to the level of application is established.This will improve the ability of application of Chinese characters in reading and writing.