稀见戏曲剧种二夹弦源流考略

二夹弦是流行于鲁、豫、皖地区的稀见戏曲剧种,具有浓郁的地方特色和独具个性的文化价值,2008年二夹弦正式被列入首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录.学界关于其起源问题的探讨虽很热烈,却尚无定论.二夹弦的传统剧目、特色声腔、表演特征在不同阶段有不同艺术形态,由此入手探究进行研究,考证其起源,梳理其发展脉络,见出其在不同历史时期的艺术特征,可辨出二夹弦起源于民间曲艺艺术花鼓丁香,在融合黄河流域的民间音乐以及借鉴吸收其他兄弟剧种艺术养分的基础上,最终于20世纪20年代形成相对成熟的戏曲剧种.

The Origination of the Erjiaxian Opera

As one of the rare operas, the Erjiaxian Opera is rather prevalent in Shandong, Henan and Anhui and is full of local features and unique cultural value. The discussion about its origination is heated, but without a final conclusion. This paper aims to find the origination and card the venation from different forms of traditional dramas, characteristics of tunes and the performance. Through the analysis of different characteristics in different times, we can conclude that the Erjiaxian Opera originated from the Flower Drum Opera, a folk Quyi art, and absorbed the nutrition of different folk Quyi arts and brother operas, then finally formed a rather mature genre of opera in 1920s.