王朝国家的模仿与隐喻——人类学视阈下的土司社会与国家关系研究

国家——社会二元对立框架是一种极具张力性的关系范畴。在土司宗族文化、宗教信仰及其他生活实践中,土司社会通过隐喻的途径模仿王朝礼仪及其行政体系,借助王权进入、学习儒家思想、模仿王朝礼仪等方式,不断被整合到王朝国家内。模仿与隐喻构成了地方土司社会与中央王朝国家沟通的重要路径,通过这种模仿实践,帝国的运作逻辑得到土司社会认可,而土司政权与中央王朝之间的沟通也由此变得更为畅通。土司政权与王朝国家的这种互动深刻影响着地方社会的发展,使之形成一股强大的向心力,对边疆地区较长时期的和平、稳定,以及对我国统一的多民族国家的形成和发展均具有重要的意义。

Imitation and Metaphor of a Monarchy: Relationship between the Tusi Community and the State in the Anthropological Perspective

The binary opposite relationship between nation and society is an extremely important one with their own tension.Tusi community used metaphor to get itself integrated into the nation through imitating the throne,learning Confucianism,and following the dynasty ceremony.Imitation and metaphor were important for Tusi community to communicate with the Central Imperial Court.Through such imitation,the royal operation logic was accepted by Tusi community.This kind of interaction exerted much influence on the local social development and helped form a cohesive force which helped stabilize the borderland and the formation of a unified,multi-ethnic nation.