合作社的法律特征探析

合作社是对内服务、对外营利的营利性的社团法人,合作社内部权利结构的设计要遵循自愿、互助和民主的基本原则。合作社的内部财产权利结构是以社员个人所有权为主的二元权利机构,古典合作社表现为社员个人所有权和合作社法人所有权的结合,现代合作社则倾向于社员个人所有权和社员按份共有的结合。合作社的内部治理是集体决策和自我管理的模式;在利益分配上,以惠顾额返还为主要形式,兼采按股分红的方式,社员对合作社的责任承担有无限责任、保证责任和有限责任三种形式。

Analysis of Legal Characteristic of Cooperatives

Cooperatives are legal personality of profit-seeking on the principle of serving the members and seeking profit from outside.The internal power structure should follow the principle of self-willingness,mutual support and democracy.The internal property right is dual with private owership as main,that of classical cooperatives the combination of member private owershcp with legal personality owership,that of modern ones the combination of member private ownership with share in common.The internal management mode combines collective decision-making with self administration.In profit distribution,return in profit is taken as the main form in combination with stock sharing.The liabilities of members can be divided into limited liabilities,guarantee liabilities and limited liabilities.