论张岱小品文的世俗性

从审美的角度看，张岱的小品文卸去了“文以载道”的传统，以普通人的视角再现明亡之前其亲历的生活，多方面表现了大众风情，具有鲜明的世俗性：把在传统文人看来俗之又俗的生活素材诉诸笔端；牵引市民化的人物走进小品文；尤其小说化语言的运用，使得作品富于生活气息。究其成因，首先是文艺思潮世俗化的时代洪流。涌溢各处、不断浸淫；其次是当时市民阶层爱好并喜做小品文的风气甚炽，使得张岱需要考虑读者的趣味；再次是张岱家世生平的坎坷，使他处于文化边缘的写作境地，用饱含深情的笔墨展现市民形貌、礼赞世俗人生。

Discussing on Zhangdai＇ s Essays on the Secular Nature

From the perspective of the appreciation of the beauty, Zhangdai＇ s essays unloaded the tradition of ＂essays embodying doctrines＂. His works relived the life he himself had experienced before the end of the Ming Dynasty, exhibiting the people＇ s customs and practices, sharing vivid common customs. He put what traditional literati believed to be very ordinary life materials to papers, leading the ordinary people to his essays. Particularly, the use of novel -like language renders his works full of true life. One of the reasons is that the trend of literary thoughts had the tendency of exhibiting the ordinary life, whose effect was on the rise as a whole. Secondly, the ordinary people at that time appreciated and loved to write essays, which made Zhangdai Lastly, Zhangdai had a family full of frustrations, making him at the periphery of the therefore, exhibited and praised the ordinary people affectionately.