论我国被害人过错制度的困境与出路——以被害人过错对量刑之影响为分析视角

被害人的过错行为往往是引发犯罪或造成更严重危害后果的重要原因,准确判断被害人过错的有无、性质及程度,对于公正、科学地裁量刑罚具有十分重要的意义。但现行刑法理论孤立地从犯罪人的角度研究犯罪,片面地以犯罪人的主客观事实为依据,分析其行为是否构成犯罪以及该判处多重的刑罚,常常忽视了被害人过错对犯罪人刑事责任的影响。被害人过错情节量刑功能的缺失,导致量刑上的不均衡、不合理,造成一定程度上的司法窘境和不公。探讨如何在具体案件中认定被害人过错以及被害人过错在何种程度上影响对犯罪人的刑罚裁量,力求规范和完善被害人过错情节在量刑中的适用,从而避免＂同案不同判＂,确保量刑的均衡与公正。

Dilemma of and Solution to the Victim's Fault System: From the Perspective of the Influence of Victim's Fault on Penalty Measurement

The victim's fault is a decisive factor that results in crime or other serious consequences,so that it is necessary to exactly judge the properties and degree of the victim's fault.However,the current criminal laws only pay close attention to the criminal' related condition from the respect of criminal responsibility,always ignoring the influence of the victim's fault,which may lead to unfair punishment.The authors therefore put forward the view that two important things must be done before bringing in a ju...