人力资本与大学生的就业实现和就业质量——基于问卷数据的实证分析

在对人力资本衡量指标详细讨论的基础上,本文利用一手抽样调查数据,实证检验了人力资本投资与大学生就业的关系,发现那些能够积极影响求职结果的人力资本变量,并不一定能在决定就业质量方面起到积极作用。这一反差表明,在中国转轨的劳动力市场中,大学毕业生的就业实现机制和就业质量决定机制存在差异:要想提高顺利就业的概率,大学生必须扩展人力资本的宽度和广度,拥有一个合适的人力资本结构;要想获得更高的就业质量,大学生必须增强人力资本的深度,从而拥有一个更高的人力资本质量。

Human Capital to the Result and Quality of Employment of College Graduates:Analysis of the Data Based on Questionnaire Survey

Using survey data this paper analyses the effect of human capital to the employment of college graduates on the basis of the discussion of the human capital indicators.The results show that those human capital variables that can positively influence the results of employment can’t necessarily play a positive role on the quality of employment.This implies that the mechanism of employment results decision and the mechanism of employment quality decision are obviously different in the transition process of China’s labor market.In order to get more opportunities of employment,college students have to develop a suitable capital structure by expanding the width and breadth of their human capital.But in order to get higher employment quality,college students must strengthen their human capital depth to obtain a higher quality of human capital.