文化视野中的“东方女性”与“南欧少女”

女性总是作为爱的使者出现在中西文学作品中。但由于地域或文化背景的差异,又分别体现出不同的性情和特征:中方教化重理性,故"东方女性"在追求爱的过程中,呈现出许多理性约束的成分;西方教化求自由,故"南欧少女"则任由激情飞扬。社会环境的陶冶、审美取向的不同,也将拥有"理性自我"的"东方女性"和拥有"激情自我"的"南欧少女"区别开来。"南欧少女"为爱而爱,"东方女性"为婚而爱。前者关注爱的过程,后者更看重爱的结果。为爱而爱会"爱不涉性";为婚而爱会无视婚前性行为。中国古代文学作品中的涉性爱情描写,与中国传统文化的封闭以及"官本位"、"家本位"的思想分不开;而"爱不涉性"则与西方古代的"精神之恋"、"骑士之爱"等传统不无关系;也在于西方政治学、社会学、历史、哲学等学科对性的关注及将性描写从文学中分流有关。无论"东方女性"还是"南欧少女",因为社会历史的原因,形成不争的悲剧———定位于婚姻、爱情的人生终极追求。

The Comparison of Oriental and Southern-European Women from a Cultural View

In real life as well as in literature works,the young women always play the role of lovely angels.However there are many differences between the women in oriental and western countries because they live in different parts of the world,having different cultural background and social environment.Anyway,because of social and historical factors,the women from both places face the same tragedy:they all take love and marriage as their final aim in life.But the western women realize this earlier than the orientals and begin trying to change it.We hope that the oriental women will soon be aware of this too.