语言距离下中国对外文化传播分层策略研究

语言距离是影响中国对外文化传播效果的重要因素，在中国对外文化传播中应依据语言距离实施分层传播策略。笔者以WALS语料库中192个语言特征为指标，具体计算51个样本国的语言距离，并以此为依据将中国对外文化传播目标国划分为四个层次，其中对语言距离相对较小的第一层次和第二层次国家，实施重点传播，建立相对更为复杂的文化传播体系；而对于第三层次和第四层次国家，提高其与中国文化传播的意愿，增强其与中国文化传播的动力，减少因语言距离所带来的高额传播成本和交流风险；同时逐步在上述四个层次国家中依次开展具针对性的文化交流、实施汉语等级考试，以及建构新型对外传播平台等分层策略。

Research on Layered Strategies of Chinese International Cultural Communication under Linguistic Distance

Linguistic distance is an important factor that affects the effect of China''s international cultural communication. Therefore, in China''s international cultural communication, layered communication strategies should be implemented based on linguistic distance. This article uses 192 language features in the WALS corpus as indicators to specifically calculate the linguistic distances of 51 sample countries, and according to this, divides the target countries which receive cultural communication from China into four levels.For the first-tier and second-tier countries which have relatively small distance, China should implement key communication and establish a relatively more complex system; For the third-tier and fourth-tier countries,China should increase their willingness to communicate with Chinese culture,enhance their motivation to communicate with Chinese culture and reduce the high communication costs and risks caused by linguistic distance; At the same time, China needs to gradually carry out targeted cultural exchanges,implement the Chinese level tests and build a new international communication platform among the above-mentioned four levels of countries.