与GPA相关的GATT/WTO成案研究及对中国的启示

随着世界经济一体化和贸易自由化的推进,世界贸易组织(WTO)下多边贸易协定之一的《政府采购协议》(GPA),是现今国际社会规范政府采购市场最为重要的国际性条约。在关税及贸易总协定(GATT)及之后的世界贸易组织时期,与G0A有关案例主要存在采购主体、非歧视性原则、采购合同价值认定、例外规定适用等方面的纠纷,而中国加入G0A需在研究相关案例基础上,结合中国国情和政府采购的政策及目标,推动在本国市场内建立一个较为成熟的采购机制。在谈判进程中,中国可从明确采购实体范围、采购合同计价方式、技术条件设定等方面进行改进,并在对等原则基础上,合理利用例外规定,整合国内法与G0A的有关规则,促进政府采购的良性发展。

GATT/WTO Cases Related to GPA and Its Implications for China

With the development of the world economic integration and trade liberalization, the Agreement on Government Procurement （GPA） , as one of the World Trade Organization （WTO） multilateral trade agreements, is the most important international treaty for international community to regulate the government procure-ment market. The cases, during the period from General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade （GATF） to WTO, mainly discussed the dispute of purchasing subjects, the principle of non-discrimination, the value of procurement contract and exceptional provisions etc. Chinese government should apply those cases in joining GPA, considering China＇ s economic conditions and the policies or goals of government procurement, in order to promote the establishment of a mature procurement mechanism in the domestic market. China can make a reform on the fields of procurement entity range, the pricing ways of procurement contract and technological conditions etc. Meanwhile, based on the principle of reciprocity, China should take advantage of the rational exceptions, and integrate the domestic law with GPA rules for the benign development of the government procurement.