建国初期对“两种生产”人口理论的误读及其后果

马克思、恩格斯“两种生产”理论认为：物质资料生产和人类自身生产同是人类社会赖以存在和发展的决定性因素,物质资料生产方式决定了人口发展变化的基本趋势,人类自身的生产又对物质资料生产具有反作用。这一理论是马克思、恩格斯人口理论的基石。建国初期,由于种种原因,我国过分强调人作为生产者创造力的无限性,而对人作为消费者的一面估计不够。对马克思、恩格斯“两种生产”人口理论的误读,使新中国政府对当时人口问题的认识和政策出现了较大程度的失误。

Misreading of the Two Productions Population Theory and its Consequences in the Early People's Republic

Marx and Engels's two productions theory holds that both the production of goods and materials and that of human beings are the decisive factors for the existence and development of human society;the production mode of goods and materials determines the trend of the development of population while the production of human beings also affects the production of goods and materials.The two productions theory is the cornerstone of Marx and Engels's theory of population.However,in the early People's Republic,the limitless of man's creativity as producer was overstressed while the fact of man as consumer was underestimated.The misreading of the population theory led to serious blunders in the central government's understanding of and decision making concerning population.