山西吕梁贫困地区劳务输出的思考

劳务输出直接影响农业剩余劳动力的多少，是制约我国农民收入增长和新农村建设进程的重大问题，对促进农村贫困地区快速发展具有重要意义。本文以山西贫困地区吕梁市为例，从劳务输出的三种主要形式即自发输出、“裙带”输出、组织输出入手，分析新农村建设下劳务输出的现状。针对吕梁市劳务输出规模和地域不断扩大、经济效益日益显著、劳务输出人员素质亟待提高的特点，吕梁市提出了多项劳务输出保障措施。保障措施从政府、农民、用人单位以及中介组织等多角度出发，以科学发展观为指导、职业技能培训为先导、制度创新为动力，综合运用政府引导、市场推动、中介服务、法律维权等手段加快农村城镇化进程，推进农业产业化经营，发展县域非农产业，从而形成多渠道、多层次、多形式转移农村劳动力的格局。在今后的工作中，要在劳务输出途径、规模及质量上不断求创新、谋发展，推动吕梁市尽快走上脱贫致富的道路。

A Study on Export of Labor Service in Poverty-stricken Region of Lvliang in Shanxi

Export of labor service affects the amount of surplus agricultural laborers directly, which is associated with increasing farmers＇ incomes and promoting construction of new countryside in China. It is significant to speed up the development of poor rural areas. In this paper,we take Lvliang, a poor area in Shanxi Province as an example. We discuss the current situation of labor service export by analyzing three main patterns of exporting labor service, that is, spontaneous pattern, crony pattern and organized pattern. The local government of Lvliang has already put forward several safeguard measures as the scale of export of labor service expands continuously, economic benefit increases and the quality of labors needs to be enhanced. The safeguard measures are made from the demand of the government, farmers, employers and intermediary agents, guided by scientific thought of development. The core is technical training and the motivation is system innovation. It will speed up the process of urbanization, impel the industrialization of agriculture and develop non-agricultural industries by government＇s guide, marketing promotion, intermediary agents＇ services and law of right-safeguard. Then, it sets up a new pattern of labor service export, which involves multiple chances,various levels and different forms. Therefore, we should make creation and development of labor service export platform, scale and quality, so as to make Lvliang area banish poverty and become prosperous.