交通强国铁路先行促进中西部综合交通运输体系优化研究

针对中西部地区交通运输存在的发展不平衡不充分现象,统计了2010～2019年东部地区与中西部地区的铁路网、高速公路网的密度,使用区位熵判别方法,对东部和中西部地区的经济发展空间演变进行分析,对中西部地区交通运输和经济发展的协调度进行研究。研究发现,中国区域协调发展战略取得了明显的效果,但东部与中西部地区区域间发展存在一定程度的不平衡问题,中西部地区各省区市之间也存在一定程度的经济发展不平衡不充分现象,区际间经济的辐射、带动效益有待提升; 中西部地区应构建以铁路为支撑的现代综合交通运输体系,利用“高铁+”新业态发展高铁经济,促进各类要素合理流动和高效聚集,形成优势互补、高质量发展的区域经济格局; 强化西部地区交通运输体系补短板,推动中部地区大通道大枢纽建设,主动承接东部地区产业转移,优化中欧、中亚班列组织运营模式和枢纽节点,打通微循环建立通达全球的寄递服务体系,构建全方位开放新格局和深度融入“一带一路”建设。

Issues in the comprehensive transportation system of China's central and western regions and corresponding optimization strategies

In view of the unbalanced and insufficient development of transportation in China's central and western regions, this paper summarizes the density of the railway network and expressway network in the eastern regions and central and western regions from 2010 to 2019 respectively, uses the location entropy method to analyze the evolution of the economic development space in those regions, and studies the degree of coordination of transportation and economic development in the central and western regions. The study has found that China's regional coordinated development strategy has achieved obvious results. However, there is a certain degree of imbalance in the development of the eastern regions and central and western regions in China, and there is also a certain degree of inadequate and insufficient economic development among the provinces and cities in the central and western regions. The inter-regional economic radiation and driving benefits need to be improved. The central and western regions should build a modern comprehensive transportation system supported by railways, use the "high-speed rail +" new business format to develop the high-speed rail economy, and promote the rational flow and efficient aggregation of various factors, forming a regional economic structure with complementary advantages and high-quality development. Furthermore, those regions should strengthen the transportation system in the western regions to make up for its shortcomings, promote the construction of extended corridors and hubs in the central region, take the initiative to undertake industrial transfers in the eastern regions, and optimize the business operation model and hub nodes of Sino-Europe and Central-Asian transportation, open up the microcirculation, establish a global delivery service system, build a new pattern of all-round opening-up and deep integration into the "Belt and Road" construction.