陈独秀道德教育观与进化论

陈独秀是近代革命的先驱.在他的革命纲领中,道德革命是近代中国最根本也是最后的革命.他运用进化论理论分析指出:道德随社会进化而进化,道德进化就意味着道德革命.近代道德革命的历史任务在于革故更新、积极进取和不断创造.实现道德革命的根本途径在于教育.他提出的现实主义、唯民主义、职业主义和兽性主义教育方针,就是他的道德革命及道德教育思想的具体体现.陈独秀道德教育思想以进化论学说为基础,不但突破了传统的循环史观,而且赋予了崭新的内容,表现出革命性的一面.但他在传播与运用进化论学说时,对传统道德一概拒斥所表现出的简单化倾向,又暴露出了其局限性.

Chen Duxiu's Views on Moral Education and Evolution

Chen Duxiu was a pioneer in moral revolution in modern Chinese history.He viewed moral revolution as the last and the most fundamental revolution in modern China.Based on the evolution theory,he proposed that morals evolve as the society evolves and that moral evolution mean moral revolution.The historical mission of moral revolution includes discarding the old and setting up the new,and being enterprising and creative.And it is only through education that moral revolution can be realized.His propositions of realism,peoplism,professionalism and animalism are reflections of his views on moral revolution and moral education.His thought of moral education rooted in the evolution theory not only has brought about a breakthrough from the traditional cycle theory of history,but also offered new contents to it,which reflects a revolutionary nature on the one hand.On the other hand,however,his rejection of all traditional morals in disseminating and applying the evolution theory reflects his oversimplified viewpoints and his own limitations.