古代文论"养气"说之流变

“养气”说源于儒、道哲学上的“养气”论 ,是古代文论的重要学说之一。古代文论“养气”说的发展可以分为先秦两汉、魏晋六朝、唐宋元、明清等四个历史阶段。在历史发展中 ,“养气”说形成了几种有代表性的观点 ,涉及到作家道德人格之修养、创作心态之培养、艺术才能之习练、艺术个性之发扬、人生阅历之增广等一系列重要理论问题。

The Evolution of "Cultivating Qi", a Doctrine of the Ancient Chinese Literary Theories

The doctrine of "cultivating qi", an principal doctrine of ancient Chinese literary theories, derived from the philosophy of Confucianism and Taoism. The evolution of this ancient literary theory has experienced four stages: Pre-Qin and the Eastern and Western Han Dynasties, the six dynasties of Wei and Jin, the dynasties of Tang, Song and Yuan, and the dynasties of Ming and Qing. The doctrine of "cultivating Qi" has formed several typical viewpoints, all of which are concerned with a series of literary theories, such as the writer's literary accomplishment in morality and personality, the nurturing of his phychological state for creative writing, the acquisition of his literary and artistic competence through practice, the development of his personal artistic characteristics, the enlarging of his reading range, etc.