An Integrated Risk Model of a Drinking-Water – Borne Cryptosporidiosis Outbreak |
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| Authors: | Elizabeth A. Casman,Baruch Fischhoff,Claire Palmgren,Mitchell J. Small,& Felicia Wu |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University,;Department of Engineering and Public Policy and the Department of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University,;Department of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University,;Department of Engineering and Public Policy and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University |
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| Abstract: | A dynamic risk model is developed to track the occurrence and evolution of a drinking-water–borne cryptosporidiosis outbreak. The model characterizes and integrates the various environmental, medical, institutional, and behavioral factors that determine outbreak development and outcome. These include contaminant delivery and detection, water treatment efficiency, the timing of interventions, and the choices that people make when confronted with a known or suspected risk. The model is used to evaluate the efficacy of alternative strategies for improving risk management during an outbreak, and to identify priorities for improvements in the public health system. Modeling results indicate that the greatest opportunity for curtailing a large outbreak is realized by minimizing delays in identifying and correcting a drinking-water problem. If these delays cannot be reduced, then the effectiveness of risk communication in preemptively reaching and persuading target populations to avoid exposure becomes important. |
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| Keywords: | Cryptosporidium cryptosporidiosis risk model drinking water integrated assessment risk communication |
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