生态预警小说的科学性与文学性——兼评阿特伍德的小说《“羚羊”与“秧鸡”》

生态预警小说是工业和后工业时代以来,作家们面对人类掠夺和侵害自然所带来的愈演愈烈的全球性环境问题而做出的现实回应。由于特定的产生背景与动因,从创作伊始它便立于现代科学的基础之上,即预测和猜想的合理性以现有的科学技术成果和发展水平为凭依,而言说方式又是文学的（小说的）,这两者的契合所产生的生态警示作用便成为此类文学作品的鲜明特色。加拿大女作家玛格丽特.阿特伍德的小说《“羚羊”与“秧鸡”》堪称典范之作,以此为个案,可以观察和分析科学性、文学性所构成的生态预警小说的结构内容,进而探讨生态预警小说创作和研究的视角和途径。

Scientificalness and Literariness of Early-Warning Eco-Novel:Comment on Antelope and Water Rail by Margaret Atwood

As part of ecological fiction, the ecological early- warning novel has existed for no more than one hundred years. It appeared after the Industry and Post - Industry Periods. Since then, writers have begun to make realistic reactions with more and more intense global environment problems. Due to its particular background and origin, the earlywarning eco- novel is based on modem science. That is the rationality of estimate and guess is based on the modem scientific technology and development level, and what is more, this type of novel is described in a literary way. This ecological caution function, the combination of them becomes the sharp - cut characteristic of this kind of literary works. Antelope and Water Rail by Margaret Atwood is the typical model of this type of novel. The author takes this novel as a case study to observe and analyze its structure and contents composed of scientificalness and literariness, and then she further discusses its writing and the different investizative approaches to it.