收入、相对地位与女性的生育意愿

文章基于中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）2006年成人调查数据，对中国52岁以下在婚、离婚和丧偶女性的收入、相对地位对生育意愿的影响进行实证分析。与以往研究不同的是，在分析影响女性生育意愿的因素时，除了通常的收入、价格、职业和年龄等因素外，本文还特别引入了反映女性相对地位的变量。根据家庭谈判模型以及中国的现实情况，本文用相对收入、相对教育以及相对家务劳动时间来反映女性在家庭中的相对地位。结果显示，对于是否生育孩子的决策，生理因素的影响占据主导地位；对于生育多少个孩子的决策，社会经济因素占据主导地位，尤其是女性在家庭中的相对地位无论城乡均产生显著的影响，而女性的收入对生育意愿并没有产生显著影响。

Income,Relative Status and Childbearing Willing of Chinese Women

Based on China Health and Nutrition Survey （CHNS） data of 2006,this paper examines the effect of women＇s income and relative status in family on the childbearing willing of married, divorced and widowed Chinese women aged 52 and lower. The relative income, relative education and relative housework time are used to reflect women＇s relative status in the family. The results showed that physiological factors determinate the decision whether to have children while socio- economic factors determinate the number of desired child birth,women＇s relative status in the family especially has a significant negative effect on childbearing intention, and in the contrast, the income of women does not have significant impact on women＇s childbearing willing in both urban and rural areas.