论《远山淡影》的契约型和疏远型不可靠叙事

《远山淡影》是英国当代日裔小说家石黑一雄的成名作，小说的叙事呈现不可靠的特质。之前对小说不可靠叙事的研究主要以布斯的不可靠叙事理论为依据，阐释叙述者和作者之间的关系，这种阐释略显片面。费伦的理论在不可靠叙事中增加了读者的维度，将不可靠叙事分为“契约型不可靠叙事”和“疏远型不可靠叙事”两种类型。论文将以此为依据，分析这两种不可靠叙事类型中叙述者、作者和读者三者互动的动态过程，以阐释不可靠叙事对小说主题表达的重要意义。 

Contractual Unreliable Narration and Alienation Unreliable Narration of A Pale View of Hills

A Pale View of Hills is a famous novel written by the British contemporary Japanese novelist Ishiguro Kazuo. The narrative of the novel is not reliable. Previous studies on the unreliable narration of novels are based on the unreliable narration theory of Booth, which explains the relationship between the narrator and the author. This kind of interpretation is slightly partial. Phelan’s theory increases the reader’s dimension in unreliable narration, which can be divided into two types: contract unreliable narration and alienation unreliable narration. On this basis, the paper analyzes the dynamic process of the narrator, the author and the reader in the two types unreliable narration, and explains the important significance of unreliable narration to novels’ theme expressions.