90年代中国工业产品外贸优势变化及入世后的战略选择

一、引言与中国经济高速增长相一致 ,中国工业产品对外贸易在改革开放后获得了迅速发展。1 980年 ,中国工业产品进出口总值为3 1 8亿美元 ,1 999年已达到 3 4 41亿美元 ,增长 9 8倍 ,年均增长率为 1 3 3 % ;其中出口由1 50亿美元增至 1 83 6亿美元 ,增长 1 1 2倍 ,年均增长率为 1 4 1 % ;进口由 1 68亿美元增至 1 60 5亿美元 ,增长 8 5倍 ,年均增长率为1 2 6%。工业产品对外贸易的巨大成长是伴随着对外贸易商品结构的优化而实现的。 2 0年来 ,工业产品中矿物燃料等初级产品在中国工业产品出口总值中的比重持续下降 ,而工业制成品及制成品…

The Change of Industrial Production Export Advantages in 90's and the Strategical Choices after Joining WTO

Since China’s opening-up reformation, it’s industrial commodities exports have increased and the export structure has been optimized constantly. Whoever, the foreign trade competitive superiority of China’s industrial commodities promoted slowly. Machinery and transport equipment, which include higher capital and higher technology factors, have been in the position of net import all the time. China will face much more international competition after It’s WTO entering. On the other hand, parts of the industrial commodities have higher international competitive edge, and their competitive power being enhanced unceasingly. In this paper, a simple statistical model has been established, by which the changes and the trends of foreign trade superiority of China’s industrial commodities have been evaluated since 1990. The article also propose that China should dynamically program its industrial development, enhance foreign trade competitive edge as well as the inner-industrial trade according to China’s national conditions.