非营利组织视角下养老机构管理研究

养老机构是养老服务体系的重要组成部分。在少子老龄化、高龄化的背景下,全国已有近200万老人在机构养老,未来将有更多的老人到机构接受养老服务。目前养老机构存在的核心问题是,政府和社会各方对养老机构的定性存在分歧,致使政策摇摆不定,或以事业视之,或以产业视之,致使养老机构的发展不能健康有序,养老服务质量不尽人意。从养老机构的工作目标、服务对象、服务过程看,这一机构是典型的非营利组织。社会上实际存在的营利性养老机构,承担了养老服务的职责,而赢利能力有限,难以获得高额利润,应予一定的政策资金支持。建设发展养老机构,应该从其非营利属性的本来意义着眼,确立履行社会责任的目标,建立宏观的行业管理体制,构建起以老人满意度为核心的管理体系。

A Study on the Management of Old-age Care Institutions from the Perspective of Non-Profit Organization

Old-age care institutions are an important part of the old-age pension service system.Because of low birthrate and aging,nearly 200 million elderly people are staying in care institutions in our country.In future,more elderly people will enjoy care services in institutions.Presently,among many problems about old-age care institutions,the crucial is that government takes it as public utility while social parties business.Different views to pension agency result in wavering policy,unhealthy and disorderly development,and unsatisfactory quality of old-age care service.From the perspectives of its objectives,service targets,service process,old-age care institution is typically non-profit organization.Actually,being limited in profitability,some private agencies undertake old-age caring duties,thus need state＇s financial support.The construction and development of old-age care institutions should start from non-profit essence,establish goal of social responsibility,build macro management system and form management system focusing on the satisfaction of the elders.