代际流动的后果——流动者后续地位获得研究综述

与代际流动相关的分析多围绕社会开放性展开,对流动后果的分析较少。对代际流动者在更长远的人生发展中,生活机会获得的考察,不仅可以深化社会开放性的分析,也可以作为表征代际流动者在后致地位上融合程度的指标。文章分别梳理了向上和向下两种代际流动后果,发现代际向下流动者往往受到优势家庭背景的保护。对代际向上流动的后果则存在一些分歧,不少研究发现了家庭背景劣势的持续影响,使得代际向上流动者的后续地位获得不及非流动者,而另一些研究则发现流动者的后续发展与非流动者无异。

The Consequence of Intergenerational Mobility:The literature Review of the Later Status Attainment of Intergenerational Mobile

Almost all the intergenerational mobility researches have the aim of detecting social openness,seldom do they care about the consequence of mobility.However,the analysis of lifelong development of the intergenerational mobile will enhance the conclusion of the social openness,as well as indicate the extent of social integration.This paper reorganizes the consequence of upward mobility and downward mobility separately.While the present researches agree that downward mobile will get protection from the family,there is some divergence for the upward mobile:some researches find that the disadvantaged family background will continue and the mobile person will lag behind those who are immobile at the same achieved status;while other researches find no difference between the mobile and the immobile.