降低刑事责任年龄否定论

降低刑事责任年龄的提议主要立足于三个命题:“犯罪低龄化”现象严重,降低刑事责任年龄是解决“低龄犯罪人”问题的应然手段,低龄未成年人已具备相当的辨认、控制能力。通过对实证数据与相关论据的收集分析,前两个命题得到证伪,第三个命题无法证明,由此可以否定降低刑事责任年龄观点的合理性依据。从我国历史与近代刑事责任年龄设定的发展历程来看,调整年龄节点的主张从未停止,援用的理由相差无几,经历过多次变动与论证后延续至今,具备符合我国社会发展实践的合理性与稳定性。从我国的义务教育设置与年龄之间的对应关系出发,刑事责任年龄确定的基准点应以义务教育的结束为合理节点,采取“从高到低”的刑事责任年龄设定逻辑。综合上述理由,兼顾少年司法“教育为主、惩罚为辅”刑事政策导向,最终得出当前的刑事责任年龄设置合理,不需降低的结论。

The Negation of Lowering the Age of Criminal Responsibility

The proposal of lowering the age of criminal responsibility was based on three propositions:the serious phenomenon younger age of juvenile delinquency,lowering the age of criminal responsibility which is a common way to solve the problem of younger age of juvenile delinquency,and young juveniles having identification and control ability.By analyzingempirical data and relevant arguments,the first and second propositions could be proved untrue,and the third proposition couldn’t be proved true,so the rationality of lowering the age of criminal responsibility could be negated.The proposal of lowering the age of criminal responsibility had been existing persistently with the same arguments for more than 100 years.After repeatedly variation and demonstration,the age is reasonable and stable related to the social development of our country.Considering the relationship between the system of compulsory education and age,the age of criminal responsibility should be subjected to the end of compulsory education.And considering the criminal policy taking education as the main method and punishment as the subsidiary,the conclusion is that the age of criminal responsibility is reasonable and should not be lowered.