从制度优势到治理效能：危机情境下推进国家治理现代化的实践探索

中国特色社会主义制度彰显出了巨大的优越性。将制度优势转化为治理效能是实现国家治理现代化的重大任务，是走向具有中国特色的治理现代化的核心要义。在危机情境下，中国特色社会主义制度的优势充分体现在全国一盘棋下的以人民为中心、党委领导、政府负责、社会协同和公众参与等方面，并在民主、法治与科技支撑保障等基础上，借助顶层设计的决策、凝聚合力的执行和多重保障的监督这三种机制实现制度优势向治理效能的有效转化与融合。进言之，在新冠肺炎疫情防控中，顶层设计的决策机制包括共识性的防疫目标、整体性的防疫部署和全局性的资源调配；凝聚合力的执行机制包括响应性的工作制度、系统性的防御措施、落实性的执行力度、创新性的技术支撑和多元性的社会参与；多重保障的监督机制包括规范性的法律法规、约束性的问责机制和广泛性的社会监督。通过对突发公共卫生事件的分析以探究制度优势转化为治理效能的实现机制，能够为危机情境下推进国家治理现代化提供一个可以借鉴的分析框架。

From Institutional Advantage to Governance Effectiveness:A Practical Exploration on Promoting the Modernization of National Governance against Crises

The socialist system with Chinese characteristics has demonstrated its great advantages.Turning the advantages of the system into governance effectiveness is a major task and the core in realizing the modernization of national governance with Chinese characteristics.Against thebackdrop of crises,the advantages of system of socialist with Chinese characteristics are fully reflected in the nationwide practices of people-centeredness,party committee leadership,government responsibility,social coordination,and public participation.Based on the support and guarantee of democracy,the rule of law,and technology and so on with the top-level decision-making,cohesive execution and multi-level guaranteed supervision mechanism,the institutional advantages have been effectively transformed and integrated into governance effectiveness.In the prevention and control of the Covid-19 pandemic,the top-level decision-making mechanism means the consensus on prevention goals,overall deployment,and resource adjustment;the cohesive execution mechanism means responsive work systems,systematic prevention measures,practical enforcement,innovative technical support,and vast social participation;multi-level guaranteed supervision mechanism means application of normative laws and regulations,binding accountability mechanisms,and extensive social supervision.Exploring the mechanism which transforms institutional advantages into governance effectiveness against public health emergencies can provide an analysis framework for advancing the modernization of national governance against crises.