宋代相权的兴盛

宋初在权力结构的调整中对相权进行了分割,但考察宋代实际的权力运作,宋代的相权自始至终处于兴盛状态,对相权所采取的几项措施都没有对相权产生实质性的削弱作用。导致这一现象的主要原因在于宋代所奉行的基本国策是“以儒治国”,是君主与士大夫“共治天下”。同时,相权兴盛也是巩固政权的政治需要,亦是当时频繁的军事活动所需。

On the Prosperity of the Prime Ministerial Power in the Song Dynasty

This paper presents a critical review of the issue of the Prime Minister's Power during the Song Dynasty.As well known,the Prime Minister's power was partitioned at the beginning of the Song dynasty as part of the power restructuring efforts.However,the power operations in the Song Dynasty seem to suggest that initiatives as such failed to exert any substantial impact on the prime ministerial power.Instead,latter prospered through the times. This phenomenon is closely correlated with the then prevailing political policy of "state governance by Confucianism" and "emperor's running the state jointly with scholars-bureaucrats".Meanwhile,the prosperity of the prime ministerial power is also a reflection of the concurrent political and military developments.