论莎士比亚十四行诗与《诗经·国风》的植物隐喻

莎士比亚在十四行诗中运用隐喻的修辞手法，借植物表达较为抽象、不易言表的情感；《诗经·国风》中也包含大量植物隐喻，借以表达诗人的情感世界。隐喻的本质是认知，是一种通过语言表现出来的思维方式。从认知语言学的角度将莎翁十四行诗与《诗经·国风》中的植物隐喻归为三个大类，即“爱情花”隐喻、“野草”隐喻和独有植物隐喻，分析中西方植物隐喻源域与目标域的映射差异及其成因。研究发现，虽然两部作品选择不同植物对同一目标域进行映射，但不同植物之间存在共同蕴含，形成隐喻连贯，由于人类身体体验，即认识事物的顺序与体认特征具有相似性，因此读者能够在一定程度上理解彼此诗歌的蕴意。

A Contrastive Study on Plant Metaphors in Shakespeare's Sonnets and The Book of Songs-Guofeng

Plant metaphors had been used in Shakespeare's sonnets to express abstract and obscure emotions.The Book of Songs·Guofeng also contains numerous plant metaphors which were used to vividly describe the poets' emotional world. Metaphor is cognitive in native and it is a way of thinking which is expressed by language. From cognitive aspect, this paper classifies plant metaphors of Shakespeare's sonnets and The Book of Songs·Guofeng into three categories: “love flower” metaphors, “weed” metaphors and particular metaphors of each work, then it analyses the different map of source domain and target domain of plant metaphors between China and the West and explore reasons. Study finds that though plant metaphors of the two works possess differences, they still own common implications, which could produce metaphorical coherence. Besides, human's body experience (the order of recognize things and features of body recognition) are similar, therefore, authors at home and abroad could understand each other's' poetic meaning at some degree.