观看与想像——关于形象学和异国形象

异国形象是形象学研究的基本对象。这种形象并非异国现实的复呈 ,而是形象塑造者根据自己的理解和欲求创造出来的。形象应有社会基础的支撑 ,可在深层意义上 ,却与形塑者观看异国的方式 (如时间、距离、频次、视角、成见等 )直接相关。形塑者对异国所持的狂热、憎恶或亲善等态度 ,体现在双方关系之中 ,并决定着异国形象的塑造形式 ,被塑造的形象也因而具有置换或偏离现实、具象泛化等多种功能。至于形象学本身 ,则是一门极具扩张潜力的学科

Observation and Imagination——On imagologie and images of foreign countries

An image of a foreign country is the basic subject of imagological studies. An image of this type does not represent the reality of a foreign country, but is created by an image builder with his own understanding and desires. An image ought to be supported by its social foundation, yet, in a deeper sense, its formation directly depends on the image builder's approaches to observation (as restricted by time, distance, frequency, visual angles, prejudice, etc.). The attitudes of the image builder towards a foreign country, such as adoration, abhorrence and benevolence, are embodied in their bilateral relations, and determine the image formation of the foreign country. The image thus created, therefore, will exercise such functions as generalization and replacement of or deviation from reality.As a subject, imagologie has great potentialities in enlarging its spheres of study. (revised by Wang)