少数人的可持续发展：绿色城市发展与居民住房支付能力探析

不少旨在改善旧城空间的棕地开发项目和重建项目，都将可持续发展列为明确的目标。然而问题的关键是，这些重建项目的好处是否公平地分配到原有的社会成员或者街坊手中，或者，是否以牺牲现有居民和商贩的利益和现有社区的多样性为代价，使新搬来的高收入住户获得更多好处？加拿大维多利亚市棕地开发的案例分析，为本文所探讨的由棕地开发引发的收入差异问题提供了例证。第二个案例研究了多伦多的社区，指出在已有的社区内进行可持续发展项目，并不能确保维持和鼓励现有的社会多样性和公平性。英属哥伦比亚省温哥华市Downtown Eastside的一系列填空性建设项目也证实了类似的趋势，即它们对周边社区产生了很大影响，而且事实上给可持续发展带来了反作用。因此，可持续发展与社区中产化及高档化之间的关系比我们想象的更加复杂。

Sustainable Development for Some: Green Urban Development and Affordability

Many brownfield development projects and many redevelopment projects aimed at improving older urban spaces list sustainable development as a stated goal. It is a key question, however, whether the benefits of these redevelopment projects are equitably shared with the original members of the community, and in the case of brownfields with residents of adjacent neighhours, or are there differential benefits that accrue to new higher-income residents at the expense of current residents and retailers, and at the expense of existing community diversity.＇？ A case study of a brownfield development in Victoria, Canada, confirms concerns in the literature about income diversity in brownfield developments; a second case study of a Toronto neighbourhood suggests that there is no guarantee that local sustainable development projects within existing neighbourhoods will encourage or even maintain existing social diversity and equity. A similar trend is demonstrated in a series of infill projects that had profound ramifications on adjacent communities and indeed contributed to greater unsustainability in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver, British Columbia. It is concluded that the relationship between sustainable development and gentrification is more complex than has been previously suggested.