中国老年人口的自理预期寿命变动——社会性别视角下的差异分析

基于2005年"小普查"及2010年"六普"汇总数据,本文利用生命表技术及Sullivan法,分析了男性与女性老年人口预期寿命、自理预期寿命及其差异的变化。研究发现,随着年龄的提高,预期寿命与自理预期寿命的性别差异均呈缩减趋势;5年间,老年人口预期寿命的性别差异在低龄阶段有略微的扩张趋势,而自理预期寿命的性别差异则在各年龄均呈扩张趋势;男性老年人口自理预期寿命占余寿的比重始终高于女性,而且与以往研究结论不同的是,5年间老年人口自理预期寿命占余寿的比重呈上升趋势,且女性该比重的上升幅度高于男性。

The Changes of Disability-free Life Expectancy of Chinese Elderly: A Gender Perspective

Based on the aggregate data of 1% National Population Sample Survey in 2005 and the Sixth National Population Census in 2010 and using life table technique and Sullivan method, we analyze the life expectancy （LE）, disability-free life expectancy （DFLE）, and the gender disparity among Chinese male and female elderly. The results show that gender disparity in LE and DFLE decreases with the age increase of the elderly. The comparison of LE and DFLE of the elderly in 2010 and 2005 shows that the gender disparity in LE of the elderly is slightly expanded at lower age and that in DFLE of elderly are expanding at almost each age group. The proportion of DFLE in LE of males is higher than that of females. However, unlike the findings of previous researches, our research indicates that the proportion of DFLE in LE is increasing and the increasing range of females is bigger than that of males in 2005-2010.