远古时代的西羌部族与关陇文化

关陇地区以老官台和大地湾为代表的前仰韶时代文化,共同催生了陕甘地区的仰韶文化,这一文化就是炎帝西羌集团的遗存。从距今6000年前后起,炎帝西羌集团一些支族开始向四方迁徙。其中,一支向东北迁往山西汾河与晋冀桑干河流域,与黄帝部族融合后又返回中原,形成炎黄集团;一支迁往西北甘青地区,与当地土著融合,产生了马家窑文化。炎帝部族留在关中故地的又与此后回流的部分炎黄族民构成姜炎部族。本文结合考古材料和文献记载,对夏商时代关中的姜炎文化和先周文化、陇右的姜羌文化和羌戎文化的来源、演化,及其与关陇部族的分合流变进行了探讨。

On Guanlong Culture and the Xiqiang Nationality in Ancient Times

Earlier Yangshao culture, represented by Laoguantai and Dadiwan in Guanlong area, spurred Yangshao culture in Shanxi-Gansu area which is the cultural heritage of the western Qiang in Emperor Yan period. This nationality’s branches migrated all around in China 6000 years ago. One branch moved to Linfen and Sanggan river basin to blend with Emperor Huang’s branches, which formed Yanhuang Tribes back in central plains. Another branch migrated to northwest China and assimilated with indigenous people, and then Majiayao culture came into being. Emperor Yan’s branches merged with some of Yanhuang Tribes to form Jiangyan tribes. The article, based on this period of history in combination with archaeological materials and records, makes a tentative research on origins and evolution of Jiangyan, pre-Zhou, Longyou Jiangqiang and Jiangrong culture, and Guanlong tribes.