“慎独”本义新证

“慎独”说在儒学思想史上影响深远,但从郑玄、孔颖达、朱熹以至王栋、郝懿行、王念孙,其解释莫衷一是,近年来由于出土资料的发现更引发了新的争议。本文在王栋、刘宗周、王念孙、凌廷堪、梁涛等人研究的基础上提出,郑玄以来解“慎独”为“谨慎独处”是错误的,而王念孙以及令人据筒帛《五行》篇解“慎独”之“慎”为“诚”亦不可信。传世文献与出土筒帛中的“慎独”,其“慎”宇只能以本义“珍重”为解。

A New Interpretation of the Original Meaning of "Being Treasure Oneself in Solitude" (Shen Du)

"Being treasure oneself in solitude" (shen du) is an influential doctrine of Confucianism in the Chinese intellectual history. There is always controversy among the scholars since Han dynasty. In recent years, the discovery of the unearthed data causes a new debate. The author holds that it's a mistake to explain this doctrine into being str ct with oneself in solitude (such as Zheng Xuan), and it's also unbelievable to explain the word "Shen" into being sincerely (such as Wang Niansun and some today's scholars) according to bamboo or silk books Wu Xing. The original meaning of this doctrine could only be regarded as "treasuring oneself".