建国初期前苏联教育专家来华的历史考察

从1949年到1960年,在中国的前苏联文职、军事专家共有2万多名。我国教育部门和学校先后聘请前苏联专家896人担任顾问或从事教学、科学研究工作,其中高等院校聘任861人。在这些专家的帮助下,20世纪50年代我国高等教育建立起了集中统一的管理体制及与之相应的专业设置和教学计划,为当时国内经济建设培养了大量专业人才。由于历史条件的局限,前苏联专家也对我国当时及以后的教育发展产生了一定的负面影响。

The Impact of the Former Soviet's Educational Experts on Chinese Education in 1950s and 1960s

According to Chinese documents and files, from 1949 to 1960,the numbers of the former Soviet's experts who came to China were twenty thousands, including 896 persons who worked in Chinese educational sections. With the help of the former Soviet experts, China set up the system of higher education management, and corresponding establishment of specialities and teaching plan on the model of the former Soviet in 1950s. Specialized talents have been brought up for economical construction. Owing to the limitation of historical condition, the former Soviet's educational experts also exerted some negative effect on the development of Chinese education both then and afterwards.